UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number:
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
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(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer |
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(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Act:
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Title of each class |
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Trading symbol(s) |
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
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The |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer |
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Accelerated filer |
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Non-accelerated filer |
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Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date.
As of May 4, 2020, the registrant had
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page |
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PART I. |
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3 |
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Item 1. |
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8 |
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Item 2. |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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34 |
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Item 3. |
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47 |
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Item 4. |
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48 |
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PART II. |
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49 |
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Item 1. |
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49 |
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Item 1A. |
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49 |
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Item 2. |
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51 |
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Item 3. |
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52 |
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Item 4. |
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52 |
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Item 5. |
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52 |
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Item 6. |
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53 |
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54 |
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2
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1. |
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited). |
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
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March 31, 2020 |
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December 31, 2019 |
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Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
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$ |
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Restricted cash |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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Prepaid expenses |
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Deferred costs and other current assets |
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Total current assets |
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Property and equipment, net |
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Capitalized software development costs, net |
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Goodwill |
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Intangible assets, net |
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Restricted cash |
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Prepaid expenses |
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Deferred costs and other assets |
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Total assets |
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$ |
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$ |
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Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
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$ |
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Accrued payroll and employee related liabilities |
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Accrued expenses |
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Deferred revenue |
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Contingent liabilities |
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— |
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Other current liabilities |
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Total current liabilities |
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Long-term liabilities: |
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Deferred revenue, noncurrent |
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Convertible senior notes |
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Deferred tax liabilities |
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Other long-term liabilities |
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Total liabilities |
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Stockholders' equity: |
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Preferred stock, par value $ March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively |
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Common stock, $ shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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Accumulated deficit |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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Total stockholders’ equity |
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Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
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$ |
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$ |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
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2020 |
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2019 |
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Revenue |
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$ |
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$ |
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Cost of revenue |
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Gross profit |
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Operating expenses: |
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Sales and marketing |
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Research and development |
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General and administrative |
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Total operating expenses |
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Operating loss |
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Other income (expense), net: |
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Interest and investment income |
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Interest expense |
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Other expense, net |
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Total other income (expense), net |
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Loss before income taxes |
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Benefit from (provision for) income taxes |
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Net loss |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
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Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders: |
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Basic |
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$ |
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$ |
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Diluted |
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$ |
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$ |
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Weighted-average common shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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Diluted |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
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2020 |
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2019 |
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Net loss |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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Other comprehensive income (loss): |
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Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes |
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( |
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Total comprehensive loss |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
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Common stock |
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Additional paid-in |
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Accumulated |
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Accumulated- other comprehensive |
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Shares |
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Par value |
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capital |
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deficit |
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income (loss) |
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Total |
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Balance at December 31, 2019 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
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Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisitions |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Stock-based compensation |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Vesting of restricted stock units |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Restricted stock units withheld to settle employee tax withholding liability |
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( |
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— |
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( |
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— |
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— |
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( |
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Exercise of stock options |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Other comprehensive loss |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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( |
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( |
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Net loss |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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( |
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— |
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( |
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Balance at March 31, 2020 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
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$ |
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Common stock |
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Additional paid-in |
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Accumulated |
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Accumulated- other comprehensive |
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Shares |
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Par value |
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capital |
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deficit |
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income (loss) |
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Total |
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Balance at December 31, 2018 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
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Issuance of common stock, net of cost |
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— |
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— |
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Stock-based compensation |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Vesting of restricted stock units |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Restricted stock units withheld to settle employee tax withholding liability |
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( |
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— |
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( |
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— |
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— |
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( |
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Exercise of stock options |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Other comprehensive income |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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Net loss |
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— |
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— |
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— |
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( |
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— |
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( |
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Balance at March 31, 2019 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
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2020 |
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2019 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Net loss |
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$ |
( |
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$ |
( |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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Amortization of deferred costs |
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Deferred income taxes |
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( |
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Accretion of interest on convertible senior notes |
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Provision for credit losses and sales reserve |
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Stock-based compensation |
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Other non-cash adjustments |
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— |
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( |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
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Prepaid expenses |
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( |
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( |
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Deferred costs |
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( |
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( |
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Other assets |
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( |
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Accounts payable |
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( |
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Accrued payroll and employee related liabilities |
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Accrued expenses |
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( |
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Deferred revenue |
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Other liabilities |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Capital expenditures |
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( |
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( |
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Payments for acquisition of business, net of acquired cash |
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( |
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— |
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Additions to capitalized software development costs |
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( |
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( |
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Purchase of short-term investments |
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— |
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( |
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Maturities of short-term investments |
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— |
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
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( |
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Proceeds from public offering, net of costs |
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— |
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Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan |
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Proceeds from stock option exercises |
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Other |
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( |
) |
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( |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
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Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
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( |
) |
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( |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
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( |
) |
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Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period |
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Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period |
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$ |
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$ |
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Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |
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Cash paid during the year for: |
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Taxes, net of refunds received |
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$ |
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$ |
— |
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Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities: |
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Capitalized assets included in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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Capitalized development costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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|
|
|
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Common stock issued in connection with acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
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|
Contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Purchase accounting payable, net |
|
|
|
|
|
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— |
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|
Stock-based compensation capitalized for software development |
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|
|
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
EVERBRIDGE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
(1) Business and Nature of Operations
Everbridge, Inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, referred to as “Everbridge” or the “Company”), is a global software company that provides enterprise software applications that automate and accelerate organizations’ operational response to critical events in order to keep people safe and businesses running. The Company’s SaaS-based platform enables the Company’s customers to quickly and reliably deliver messaging to a large group of people during critical situations. The Company’s enterprise applications, such as Mass Notification, Incident Management, Safety Connection, IT Alerting, Visual Command Center, Public Warning, Crisis Management, Community Engagement, Risk Intelligence and Secure Messaging, automate numerous critical event management processes. The Company generates revenue primarily from subscription fees to the Company’s enterprise applications. The Company has operations in the United States, Norway, India, Netherlands, Sweden, England, Germany and China.
(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, included herein, was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including certain notes required by U.S. GAAP on an annual reporting basis.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss, statements of stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year 2020 or any future period.
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Assets and liabilities which are subject to judgment and use of estimates include the determination of the period of benefit for deferred commissions, relative stand-alone selling price for identified performance obligations in our revenue transactions, allowances for credit losses, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, the fair value of contingent consideration, the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, valuation allowances with respect to deferred tax assets, useful lives associated with property and equipment and intangible assets, contingencies, and the valuation and assumptions underlying stock-based compensation. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates compared to historical experience and trends, which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company engages valuation specialists to assist with management’s determination of the valuation of its fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations convertible senior notes, and certain market-based performance equity awards. There have been significant changes to the global economic situation as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The global outbreak has caused instability and volatility in multiple markets where the Company conducts business which could cause changes to estimates as a result of the financial circumstances. Such changes to estimates could potentially result in impacts that would be material to the consolidated financial statements, particularly with respect to the timing of revenue recognition resulting from potential implementation delays, evaluating the recoverability of long-lived assets with finite useful lives for impairment and estimates of credit losses for accounts receivables and contract assets.
8
Concentrations of Credit and Business Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable.
The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances at several banks. Accounts located in the United States are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $
The Company’s accounts receivable are generally unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers primarily located in the United States, Norway, Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom and are generally denominated in U.S. dollars, Norwegian Krone, Euro, Swedish Kronor or British Pounds. Each reporting period, the Company reevaluates each customer’s ability to satisfy credit obligations and maintains an allowance for credit risk based on the evaluations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of funds deposited into money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.
Restricted Cash
The Company’s restricted cash balance primarily consists of cash held at a financial institution for collateral against performance on the Company’s customer contracts and certain other cash deposits for specific purposes.
Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments, primarily commercial paper, U.S. Treasury and U.S. agency securities, with maturities over three months from the date of purchase and less than 12 months from the date of the balance sheet. Debt securities, money market funds and U.S. agency bonds that the Company has the ability and positive intent to hold to maturity are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. All held-to-maturity securities have maturity dates within one year.
Significant Accounting Policies
Except for the accounting policies for credit losses that were updated, as set forth below, as a result of adopting Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13 (as amended through November 2019), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and the accounting policies for the implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement, as set forth below, as a result of adopting ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 28, 2020, that have had a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Revenue Recognition
The Company derives its revenues primarily from subscription services and professional services. Revenues are recognized when control of services is transferred to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services.
The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:
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• |
Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer |
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• |
Identification of the performance obligations in the contract |
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• |
Determination of the transaction price |
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• |
Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract |
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• |
Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation |
9
Subscription Services Revenues
Subscription services revenues primarily consist of fees that provide customers access to one or more of the Company’s hosted applications for critical event management, with routine customer support. Revenue is generally recognized over time on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that the Company’s service is made available to the customer. All services are recognized using an output measure of progress looking at time elapsed as the contract generally provides the customer equal benefit throughout the contract period.
Professional Services Revenues
Professional services revenues primarily consist of fees for deployment and optimization services, as well as training. The majority of the Company’s consulting contracts revenue is recognized over time as the services are performed. For contracts billed on a fixed price basis, revenue is recognized over time based on the proportion performed.
Software License Revenues
On occasion the Company may sell software and related post contract support for on premise usage as well as professional services which is outside of the Company’s core business. The Company’s on premise license transactions are perpetual in nature and are recognized at a point in time when made available to the customer.
Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations
Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis for those performance obligations with stable observable prices and then the residual method applied for any performance obligation that has pricing, which is highly variable. The Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the Company’s overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including the value of the Company’s contracts, pricing when certain services are sold on a standalone basis, the applications sold, customer demographics, geographic locations, and the volume of services and users.
Returns
The Company does not offer rights of return for its products and services in the normal course of business.
Customer Acceptance
The Company’s contracts with customers generally do not include customer acceptance clauses.
Trade and Other Receivables
Trade and other receivables are primarily comprised of trade receivables that are recorded at the invoice amount, net of an allowance for credit risk, which is not material. Other receivables represent unbilled receivables related to subscription and professional services contracts, net of an allowance for credit losses, which is not material. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 (as amended through March 2020), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. See Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements below.
Deferred Costs
Sales commissions earned by the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Subscription-related commissions costs are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit that the Company has determined to be
10
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue consists of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue because the related goods or services have not been transferred. Deferred revenue that will be realized during the succeeding 12-month period is recorded as current, and the remaining deferred revenue is recorded as non-current.
In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing the Company’s products and services, not to receive financing from its customers or to provide customers with financing. Examples include invoicing at the beginning of a subscription term with revenue recognized ratably over the contract period.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2016-13
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13 (as amended through March 2020), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 introduced a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, contract assets and held-to-maturity debt securities, which requires the Company to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 also expands disclosure requirements.
The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 resulted in changes to the Company’s accounting policies for trade and other receivables and contract assets. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 the Company evaluates trade receivables and contract assets on a collective (i.e., pool) basis if they share similar risk characteristics.
Based on the results of the Company’s evaluation, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Adoption of the standard had no impact on total cash provided from or used in operating, financing, or investing activities in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
Accounts receivable includes trade accounts receivables from the Company’s customers, net of an allowance for credit risk. Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company’s contract assets relate to services performed which were not billed, net of an allowance for credit risk. Allowance for credit risk for accounts receivables and contract assets is established based on various factors including credit profiles of the Company’s customers, historical payments and current economic trends. The Company reviews its allowance for accounts receivables and contract assets by assessing individual accounts receivable or unbilled contract assets over a specific aging and amount. All other balances are pooled based on historical collection experience. The estimate of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, current economic conditions, and forecasts of future economic conditions that affect the collectability. Accounts receivable and contract assets are written-off on a case by case basis, net of any amounts that may be collected. See Note 3.
ASU 2018-13
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements, which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of the FASB’s disclosure framework project. The guidance includes retrospective and prospective basis application dependent on the requirements of specific amendments. The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2018-15
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, related to a customer's accounting for implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement (“CCA”). Under the new guidance, implementation costs associated with a CCA for a hosting arrangement that is a service contract are accounted for consistent with existing internal-use software implementation guidance. ASU 2018-15 also provides classification guidance on these implementation costs as well as additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The Company adopted ASU 2018-15 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
11
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted
ASU 2020-01
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Clarifying the Interactions Between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. ASU 2020-01 addresses the accounting for the transition into and out of the equity method and measuring certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. Observable transactions that require a company to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 321, Investments – Equity Securities, should be considered immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. Certain non-derivative forward contracts or purchased call options to acquire equity securities generally will be measured using the fair value principles of ASC 321 before settlement or exercise and consideration shall not be given to how entities will account for the resulting investments on eventual settlement or exercise. ASU 2020-01 is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2021 and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2020-01 should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing the impact this standard will have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Other accounting standard updates effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 31, 2019 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
(3) Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, Net
On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective approach. See Note 2. The cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2016-13 had an immaterial impact on the Company’s opening balance of accumulated deficit.
Accounts receivable, net is as follows (in thousands):
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|
As of |
|
|
As of |
|
||
|
|
|
March 31, 2020 |
|
|
December 31, 2019 |
|
||
|
Accounts receivable amortized cost |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Allowance for credit losses |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
|
Net accounts receivable |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable (in thousands):
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|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
|
2020 |
|
|
2019 |
|
||
|
Balance, beginning of period |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
Provision for expected credit losses |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
|
Write-offs |
|
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